Doctors Must Know Effectiveness of a Drug to Overpower Drug-Resisting Pathogens

When there is only one drug is present in the brain or digestive system, for instance, a pathogen can quickly develop resistance to one drug at a time.

Prescribing combination of drugs that reach similar parts of the body instead of just one could be an effective way of combating pathogens such as viruses or bacteria. Not all drugs can reach all parts of the body, a situation known as "imperfect drug penetration".

Researchers found that when there is a "pocket" of the body where only one drug is present, such as the brain or the digestive system, a pathogen can quickly develop resistance to one drug at a time.

Scientists Discover Mechanism of Drug Resistance Without the Commitment
Microorganisms like fungi and bacteria can evade treatment by acquiring mutations in the genes targeted by antifungal drugs or antibiotics.

"If there is a space where there is only one drug, that is the place where the pathogen can start its escape," said co-author of the study Pleuni Pennings, Assistant Professor of biology, San Francisco State University. "Once it no longer has the first drug to deal with, it is very easy for it to quickly become resistant to a second drug," Pennings said.

The study could have major implications for how treatment plans are designed and prescribed to patients of HIV, malaria, tuberculosis and other ailments.

Because pathogens can quickly develop resistance to a single drug, providers often prescribe multiple drugs to increase their effectiveness.

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The parasite Plasmodium digests hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in the blood and converts it into hemozoin, a protein indispensable for its survival.

The results of the study suggest that, when doing so, doctors should carefully consider which parts of the body each drug will reach.

Study Questions the Prescription for Drug Resistance
In response to the rise of drug-resistant pathogens, doctors are routinely cautioned against overprescribing antimicrobials.

Source-Medindia

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