Safety of Rotavirus Vaccinations in NICU Babies

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Providing rotavirus vaccine to infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is safe and does not lead to disease outbreaks ().

Rotaviruses are majorly responsible for diarrheal disease among infants and young children. The vaccine, which contains a weakened form of the virus to produce a stronger immune response, is administered via drops.

‘#Rotavirusvaccinations are deemed safe for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with no associated disease outbreaks reported. #vaccinesforchildren #rotavirus #ICU’

Preterm Infants in NICU at High Risk for Contagious Virus

Researchers from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, US noted that preterm infants, usually kept in the NICU, are at higher risk of the highly contagious but preventable virus, yet few receive the vaccine over transmission fears. To understand, the team conducted an analysis of 3,448 weekly stool samples from 774 patients between January 2021 and January 2022.

They found that "99.3 percent of non-vaccinated patients exposed to vaccinated patients did not test positive for the disease. Non-vaccinated patients that contracted rotavirus had no symptoms after 14 days."

"Our yearlong, prospective study done in collaboration with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that the benefits of vaccinating NICU patients against rotavirus outweigh the risks," said Kathleen Gibbs, MD, the study's lead neonatologist from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

"In-patient vaccination allows protection of a vulnerable population against a common, preventable cause of severe diarrheal illness," she added.

The findings are important because many NICUs avoid vaccinating against rotavirus due to a theoretical risk of transmission, yet some infants are too old to receive the vaccine once discharged from the NICU.

According to the CDC guidelines, the first dose must be administered before 15 weeks of age. The study findings will be presented at the ongoing Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2024 Meeting, being held in Toronto, Canada.

Reference:

1. Rotavirus vaccination not tied to NICU outbreaks, researchers say - (https:www.cidrap.umn.edu/rotavirus/rotavirus-vaccination-not-tied-nicu-outbreaks-researchers-say)

Source: IANS