Apple Cider Vinegar Effect on Blood Pressure and Cancer

Apple Cider Vinegar Effect on Blood Pressure and Cancer

Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) benefit on blood pressure is substantiated or confirmed by scientific evidence. One laboratory study on the antihypertensive effects of acetic acid and vinegar by Japanese researchers revealed that acetic acid, the main component of vinegar, significantly reduced high blood pressure. The research team suggested that this reduction in blood pressure may be caused by the significant reduction in renin activity and the subsequent decrease in angiotensin II. It is not however confirmed how it might work on human beings. But the proponents of apple cider vinegar recommend taking 1 tbsp of apple cider vinegar and 1 tbsp of honey in a glass of water twice a day to lower high blood pressure. They suggest that potassium in the vinegar 'balances sodium levels in the body, which aids in maintaining blood pressure within healthy limits' and 'apple cider vinegar and honey also contain magnesium, a mineral that works to relax blood vessel walls and thus lower high blood pressure'. They, however, recommend dietary modifications and daily exercise along with this remedy.

Similarly, a few studies have shown anti-tumor activity (cancer) of vinegar. A Japanese study published in the Journal Bio-Factors stated that 'a prolonged lifespan due to tumor regression was noted in the mice ingesting rice-shochu vinegar as compared with controls'. However, the anti-tumor factors in vinegar have still not been identified. It is assumed that because acetic acid is converted to acetate in the stomach, it may possess anti-tumor effects. Case-control studies have yielded conflicting results. For example, a Chinese study found that vinegar ingestion was associated with a decreased risk for esophageal cancer; while a Serbian study found that vinegar ingestion was associated with 4.4-fold greater risk for bladder cancer! The jury is still out on this.

References:

1. Vinegar: Medicinal Uses and Antiglycemic Effect - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1785201/)
2. Ostman E, Granfeldt Y, Persson L, Bj�rck I. Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep;59(9):983-8. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16015276)
3. Kondo T, Kishi M, Fushimi T, Kaga T. Acetic acid upregulates the expression of genes for fatty acid oxidation enzymes in liver to suppress body fat accumulation. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jul 8;57(13):5982-6. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19469536)
4. Shishehbor F, Mansoori A, Sarkaki AR, Jalali MT, Latifi SM. Apple cider vinegar attenuates lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008 Dec 1;11(23):2634-8. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19630216)
5. Liatis S, Grammatikou S, Poulia KA, Perrea D, Makrilakis K, Diakoumopoulou E, Katsilambros N. Vinegar reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia in patients with type II diabetes when added to a high, but not to a low, glycaemic index meal. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jul;64(7):727-32. Epub 2010 May 26. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20502468)
6. Johnston CS, Steplewska I, Long CA, Harris LN, Ryals RH. Examination of the antiglycemic properties of vinegar in healthy adults. Ann Nutr Metab. 2010;56(1):74-9. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20068289)
7. Kondo S, Tayama K, Tsukamoto Y, Ikeda K, Yamori Y. Antihypertensive effects of acetic acid and vinegar on spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2001 Dec;65(12):2690-4. - (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11826965)

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