Cardiac Markers

About

Cardio vascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Most of the deaths occur even before a patient reaches the hospital for treatment. Cardiac markers are biomarkers which are measured to evaluate the function of heart.

A number of conditions can lead to an elevation in cardiac marker level, the most important one being myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack. Many of the markers are enzymes; the term "cardiac enzymes" is sometimes used. However, not all the markers are enzymes. Troponin for example is not an enzyme in formal terms.

Aspartate Amino transferase was perhaps the first biochemical marker to be used; it was described in 1954. With the advent of electrophoresis method walked in Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase iso enzymes. The use of cTnT brought about a revolution in 1992. The introduction of Cardiac troponins heralded a new age in the diagnosis and treatment or management of a broad spectrum of diseases.

References:

1. Cecil Medicine, 23rd Ed. Harrison's PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 17^TH Edition
2. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2007 Nov-Dec;16(6):329-35. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
3. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY RESEARCH Volume 29, Number 2, 56-63, DOI: 10.1007/s005990050064

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