Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Energy metabolism, including metabolic sequences and regulation, and disorders
Generation of energy from carbohydrates, fatty acids, and essential amino acids; glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ketogenesis, electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, glycogenolysis
Storage of energy: gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis
Thermodynamics: free energy, chemical equilibria and group transfer potential, energetics of ATP and other high-energy compounds
Metabolic pathways of small molecules and associated diseases
Biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids (e.g., homocystinuria, maple syrup urine disease)
Biosynthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides (e.g., gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)
Biosynthesis and degradation of lipids (e.g., dyslipidemias, carnitine deficiency, adrenogenital syndromes)
Biosynthesis and degradation of porphyrins
Biosynthesis and degradation of other macromolecules and associated abnormalities, complex carbohydrates (e.g., lysosomal storage disease), glycoproteins, and proteoglycans (e.g., type II glycogen storage disease)