The synthetic peptide molecule, Vialox, also called Pentapeptide-3, has the amino acid sequence GPRPA. Researchers speculate it may inhibit the activity of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in muscle cells' postsynaptic membrane. These receptors allow nerve cells to communicate with muscle cells, resulting in muscle contraction. Studies suggest Vialox may decrease the look of wrinkles and fine lines on the skin by relaxing the muscles and possibly lowering the amount of acetylcholine released. Research suggests the mechanism of action of Vialox may be comparable to that of tubocurarine, a naturally occurring alkaloid compound considered to induce a calming effect on muscles.
Vialox Chemical Composition
Molecular formula: C21H36N8O6
The number of grams per mole: 495.57.
Pentapeptide-3V, SCHEMBL1552457, HY-P0099, and ZINC35922739 are some of its alternative names.
Vialox Peptide Research and Clinical Investigations
Vialox Peptide's Molecular Action Mechanism
Vialox is a synthetic peptide molecule proposed by researchers to inhibit the action of neurotransmitters. [i] The peptide may work in a way that is similar to that of tubocurarine, more particularly via its interaction with acetylcholine receptors that are situated on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. [ii] Tubocurarine is an alkaloid found naturally in some plants' bark, notably Chondrodendron tomentosum, more frequently called "curare." It is believed to be a powerful neurotoxin that works as a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. It is considered to induce this action by inhibiting acetylcholine activity at the neuromuscular junction, which prevents muscle contraction.
Researchers have also speculated Vialox may be a neuromuscular blocker that does not cause depolarization. It appears that the peptide may connect to acetylcholine receptors located on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. Research suggests this may cause it to behave as "a competitive antagonist at the acetylcholine postsynaptic membrane receptor." [iii]
Studies suggest a possibility the peptide might impact the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Research suggests nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are significant in controlling muscle contraction. They act as the principal receptor in muscles for communication between motor neurons and muscles at the neuromuscular junction.
Researchers comment that by acting as an antagonist, Vialox appears to inhibit acetylcholine from binding to its receptor sites. This may prevent the opening of sodium ion channels, which are responsible for depolarizing the cell and ordinarily lead to muscular contraction. [iv] Additional study suggests Vialox may enable the smooth muscles to remain relaxed by blocking the action of the acetylcholine receptors. This may result in a reduction in the look of wrinkles and fine lines on the skin.
Vialox Peptide and Wrinkle Size
Research has explored the possibility that Vialox may lessen the appearance of wrinkles and leave the skin more smooth. Studies suggest Vialox may have a short half-life and might be given in a less intrusive manner than similarly acting compounds. Despite this, it may be useful since researchers hypothesize "studies [...] suggested that this [compound] softened wrinkles and reduced skin roughness [iv]."
Researchers reported that the tests appeared to decrease muscular contractions by 71% within one minute after the introduction of Vialox, progressing to a 58% reduction two hours later. In the end, the researchers concluded that a decrease in the frequency of muscle contractions might lead to a shallower appearance of lines and a reduction in wrinkles.
The study's findings suggest the peptide may also have the capacity to reduce the impact of wrinkles on the skin. [v] The research outcomes indicated that after 28 days of continuous influence, there was a discernible reduction of 49% in the size of wrinkles and a reduction of 47% in the roughness of the skin. This took place within the same time frame.
Further research is required to understand the peptide and its mechanism of action comprehensively. The utilization of Vialox peptides is limited to research and educational institutions. Compounds mentioned here must only be utilized in scientific research and not be employed beyond the confines of a laboratory setting. Personal consumption or experimentation is strictly prohibited.
References:
[i] Schagen, S. K. (2017). Topical peptide treatments with effective anti-aging results. Cosmetics, 4(2), 16.
[ii] Husein el Hadmed, H., & Castillo, R. F. (2016). Cosmeceuticals: peptides, proteins, and growth factors. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 15(4), 514-519.
[iii] Lupo, M. P., & Cole, A. L. (2007). Cosmeceutical peptides. Dermatologic therapy, 20(5), 343-349.
[iv] Gorouhi, F., & Maibach, H. I. (2009). Role of topical peptides in preventing or treating aged skin. International journal of cosmetic science, 31(5), 327-345.
[v] Reddy, B. Y., Jow, T., & Hantash, B. M. (2012). Bioactive oligopeptides in dermatology: Part II. Experimental dermatology, 21(8), 569-575.