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YEAR
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MILESTONES
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2700 BC
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Shen Nung the second Chinese emperor tested the effects of 300 drugs on himself and explained the narcotic properties of the Kemp plant.
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1350 BC
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The soporific and aphrodisiac properties of the mandrake were well known among the Egyptian Pharaohs.
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77 AD
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Dioscorides Pedanius a Greek physician in his fourth book of Materia Medica gave details about the various substances that induce anesthesia. He coined the term anesthesia meaning lack of sensation in Greek.
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1037
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Avicenna an Iranian philosopher and physician advocated that the most powerful stupefacient is opium
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1460
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Heinrich von Pfolsprundt, a German military surgeon was the first to give an account of the soporific sponge (a recipe that suppresses sensation of pain) used in the treatment of gunshots.
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1665
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Sir Christopher Wren an English Architect with the help of Robert Boyle was the first to infuse opium and perform intravenous anesthesia in dogs.
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1765
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Matthew Turner an English chemist and surgeon was the first person to produce and sell ether. He recommended inhalation of sulfuric ether as a treatment for headaches.
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1772
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Joseph Priestley an English chemist discovered nitrous oxide.
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1786
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Cornelius Celsus described in detail about the preparation of the anodyne pills in the 46th edition of the Roman encyclopedia.
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1817
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Friedrich Serturner a German apothecary coined the term morphine and also elucidated the narcotic properties of opium.
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1834
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Jean Baptiste Dumas a French chemist unraveled the chemical structure and coined the term chloroform.
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1847
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Marie Jean Pierre Flourens and Francois-Achille Longet reported the effects and mode of action of ether on the central nervous system.
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1847
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Sir James Young Simpson a Scottish physician introduced chloroform as an anesthetic agent during childbirth. Chloroform was first used on Queen Victoria, during her eighth delivery.
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1847
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Edward H. Barton at Vera Cruz, Mexico was the first to use sulfuric ether as the anesthetic agent for a leg amputation during wartime.
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1856
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John Snow, an English physician designed the chloroform inhaler, which delivered the anesthetic agent at optimum levels. He was the first to perform endotracheal anesthesia on a rabbit.
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1860
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Etienne Jules Marey a French physician discovered the sphygmograph. This device helped to record the pulse form on the forearm.
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1870
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Joseph T Clover an English surgeon improved the techniques of gas delivery and cautioned the physicians to monitor the vital signs.
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1875
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Claude Bernard a French physiologist Discovered the nerve muscle blocking action and the introduced the use of mixed anesthesia.
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1878
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Paul Bert the French physiologist along with the American surgeon Edmund W Andrews introduced nitrous oxide in Anesthesiology.
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1907
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Frederick J. Cotton and Walter M. Boothby invented an apparatus for the delivery of nitrous oxide, ether and oxygen.
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1908
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A.D Waller designs the chloroform balance, which determines the concentration of the vapor, received by the patient.
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1910
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Lincoln F. Sise invented the apparatus “introducer” for insertion of lumbar puncture needles.
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1936
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American society of Anesthetist was founded.
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