Over-the-Counter (OTC) Antihistamines Drugs for Allergy

Second generation over-the-counter antihistamines cause less side effects like drowsiness.

Over-the-counter antihistamines are available in the form of first generation and second generation antihistamines.(3Popular Over-the-Counter Oral Antihistamine Brands

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First generation OTC anti-histamines for allergies (active ingredients and brand names):

Brompheniramine – Dimetane
Chlorpheniramine – Chlor-Trimeton
Diphenhydramine – Benadryl

Second generation OTC anti-histamines for allergies (active ingredients and brand names):

Loratadine – Claritin
Cetirizine – Zyrtec

Indications – sneezing, itching, watery eyes and runny nose and hives.

Contraindications – discontinue use and seek medical attention if serious allergic reaction occurs.

Dosage:

Cetirizine (Zyrtec): Tablet - 5-10 mg orally once a day depending upon symptom severity. Syrup – 5 mg/ 5 mL

Loratadine (Claritin, Tavist), Brompheniramine (Dimetane): Tablet – 10mg once daily for adults, 5 mg once daily for children 2 to 5 years.

Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton) – 4 mg orally every 4 - 6 hrs; sustained-release: 8 or 12 mg orally every 8 - 12 hours. Maximum dose: 24 mg/day.

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl): 25 mg to 50 mg (1-2 capsules) per day for adults and children above 12 years; for children 6 -12 years of age – 25 mg (1 capsule)

Side effects – drowsiness especially in case of first-generation antihistamines, restlessness, nervousness, upset stomach, dry mouth, irritability, difficulty urinating and sometimes blurred vision.

Precautions and Warnings:

Second-generation antihistamines are less likely to interact with other drugs like sedatives
Do not use antihistamines in large amounts or for longer than recommended.
Use alcohol cautiously if you are on antihistamines
While taking antihistamines, do not drive or use machinery that could harm you if you are not alert

Consult your doctor before using antihistamines if you have glaucoma, high blood pressure, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, stomach problems, liver disease, kidney disease and diabetes
Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Store in cool, dry place. Protect from heat and light

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What the Stroop Effect Reveals About Our Minds - (https://lesley.edu/article/what-the-stroop-effect-reveals-about-our-minds)
The Emotional Stroop Effect Is Modulated by the Biological Salience and Motivational Intensity Inherent in Stimuli - (https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03023/full)
Numerical stroop effect - (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15058867/)
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content - (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4993290/)
The Stroop Effect - (https://www.simplypsychology.org/stroop-effect.html)
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