Antidepressant Use in Pregnancy Linked to Affective Disorders in Babies

Antidepressants can cross the placenta and the blood-brain barrier. So, concerns exist about potential long-term effects of intrauterine antidepressant exposure in the unborn child.

Exposure to antidepressants in the womb may increase the risk of developing affective disorder like depression and anxiety in the child.

The study on this link was done using the Danish National Registers on more than 42,000 singleton babies born during 1998-2011 for up to 18 years by the team of researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

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In a study published in Neuropsychopharmacology, the scientists found that children whose mothers continued antidepressants during pregnancy had a higher risk of affective disorders than children whose mothers stopped taking antidepressants before pregnancy.

However, to understand whether the underlying disorder for which the antidepressant was given or the medication itself was linked to the child's risk of developing an affective disorder, they also studied the effect of paternal antidepressant use during pregnancy and similarly, found that children of fathers who took antidepressants throughout pregnancy had a higher risk for affective disorders.

Thus, the research team speculates that rather than being an intrauterine effect, the observed link is most likely due to the parental mental illness underlying the antidepressant use.

"Approximately half of women who use antidepressants before pregnancy decide to discontinue use either before or during pregnancy due to concerns about the negative consequences for their child," said Anna-Sophie Romel, PhD, an instructor in the Department of Psychiatry at Icahn Mount Sinai and first author of the paper.

"Our study does not provide evidence for a causal relationship between in-utero exposure to antidepressants and affective disorders in the child.

So, while other long-term effects of intrauterine exposure to antidepressants remain to be investigated, our work supports antidepressant continuation for women with severe symptoms or a high risk of relapse because untreated psychiatric illness during pregnancy can have negative consequences on the health and development of the child.

Women and their health care providers should carefully weigh all of the treatment options and jointly decide on the best course of action."

Source-Eurekalert