Artificial Intelligence-Based Prediction of COVID-19 Diagnosis

Transfer learning is a machine learning method where a model developed for a task is reused as the starting point for a model on a second task achieved a 99.24 per cent success rate when detecting COVID-19 in chest x-rays. A new study by Edith Cowan University using machine learning on images of everyday items like toasters and fridges identified and diagnosed emerging or uncommon medical conditions.

"Our technique has the capacity to not only detect COVID-19 in chest x-rays, but also other chest diseases such as pneumonia. We have tested it on 10 different chest diseases, achieving highly accurate results," said ECU School of Science researcher Dr Shams Islam.

It is difficult for AI-based methods to perform detection of chest diseases accurately because the AI models need a very large amount of training data to understand the characteristic signatures of the diseases.

The data acquired needs to be carefully annotated by medical experts, it is not only a cumbersome process but also entails a significant cost.

The new technique published in Neural Computing and Applications bypasses this requirement and learns accurate models with a very limited amount of annotated data and can be used for image recognition in other medical diagnoses.

ImageNet is a database of more than 1 million images of regular household items classified by people without medical expertise just like chest x-rays diagnosed by medical professionals.

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The algorithm with the large ImageNet database is referred as the key to significantly decrease the time needed to adapt the approach to other medical issues.

Researchers hope this technique can be refined in future research to increase accuracy and further reduce training time.

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Source-Medindia