Blood Pressure Pill Could Improve COVID-19 Survival Rates

Medication for high blood pressure (hypertension) could improve COVID-19 survival rates and decrease the severity of infection, reveals a new study.

Severe COVID-19 related illness and death were reduced for patients with hypertension who took Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), finds a new study. The findings of the study are published in the journal Current Atherosclerosis Reports.//

Researchers studied 28,000 patients taking antihypertensives - a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).

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‘COVID-19 patients with hypertension who were taking ARB/ACEi prescriptions were 0.67 times less likely to have a critical or fatal outcome than those not taking these medicines.’

Lead researcher Dr. Vassilios Vassiliou, from UEA's Norwich Medical School, said: "We know that patients with cardiovascular diseases are at particular risk of severe Covid-19 infection. But at the start of the pandemic, there was concern that specific medications for high blood pressure could be linked with worse outcomes for Covid-19 patients.

"We wanted to find out what the impact of these medications is for people with Covid-19.

"We therefore studied the outcomes for patients taking antihypertensives - looking particularly at what we call 'critical' outcomes such as being admitted to intensive care or being put on a ventilator, and death."

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Hypertension accounts for nearly 6% of deaths worldwide.

The research was led by UEA in collaboration with the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital.

The team analyzed data from 19 studies related to Covid-19 and ACEi and ARB medications. The meta-analysis involved more than 28,000 patients and is the largest and most detailed such study to date.

High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure or hypertension is defined as a blood pressure of above 140 mm Hg (systolic) and or 90mm Hg (diastolic).

They compared data from Covid-19 patients who were taking ACEi or ARB medications with those who were not - focusing on whether they experienced 'critical' events (admission to intensive care and invasive or non-invasive ventilation) and death.

Dr. Vassiliou said: "We found that a third of Covid-19 patients with high blood pressure and a quarter of patients overall were taking an ACEi/ARBs. This is likely due to the increasing risk of infection in patients with co-morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes.

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"But the really important thing that we showed was that there is no evidence that these medications might increase the severity of Covid-19 or risk of death.

"On the contrary, we found that there was a significantly lower risk of death and critical outcomes, so they might, in fact, have a protective role - particularly in patients with hypertension.

"As the world braces itself for a potential second wave of the infection, it is particularly important that we understand the impact that these medications have in Covid-19 patients.

"Our research provides substantial evidence to recommend continued use of these medications if the patients were taking them already.

"However, we are not able to address whether starting such tablets acutely in patients with Covid-19 might improve their prognosis, as the mechanism of action might be different," he added.

Source-Eurekalert