Combination of Chemotherapy Drugs in Pancreatic Cancer Prolongs Survival Rate

The combination of gemcitabine and capecitabine in pancreatic cancer patients may be the new standard of care after surgical removal of the tumor.

Highlights

Chemotherapy drugs, gemcitabine and capecitabine were tested for their combined effect in pancreatic cancer patients. //
The combination increased the five-year survival rate by 29% compared to the effect of a single drug.
The treatment plan is predicted to double the number of patients who survive their disease for at least five years.

A combination of chemotherapy drugs has been successful in prolonging survival for pancreatic cancer patients by at least five years.

Pancreatic cancer accounts for about 3% of all cancers in the US and about 7% of all cancer deaths. The American Cancer Society estimates that 43,090 people (22,300 men and 20,790 women) will die of pancreatic cancer in the United States.

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Pancreatic cancer often involves its exocrine part. It grows aggressively, and often detected late. Treatment options include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.

‘A combination of chemotherapy drugs, gemcitabine and capecitabine increased the 5-year survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer by 29%.’

Treatment options for people with pancreatic cancer depends on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors including:

Surgery
Ablation or embolization treatments
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy and other drugs

A University of Liverpool (UK) led clinical trial involved 732 patients in hospitals across the UK, German, Sweden and France who had undergone surgery to remove their tumor.

Around half of patients on the trial received one chemotherapy drug, gemcitabine, and the other half received a combination of chemotherapy drugs, gemcitabine and capecitabine.

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At this time the standard treatment for patients who have undergone surgery is for them to be administered gemcitabine alone.

According to the study twenty-nine percent of the patients given a combination of the two chemotherapy drugs lived for at least five years compared with only 16 percent of patients given gemcitabine alone.

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The latest research focuses on drugs that are already approved by the FDA to find out why those drugs are not working in patients with pancreatic cancer.

The study, which has been published in The Lancet, states that this new combination of drugs approach should be the new standard of care for pancreatic cancer patients who have had surgery to remove their tumor.

This trial was originally set up in 2008 to address the poor pancreatic cancer survival rates. The results, which were first presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in June 2016 but have now been peer-reviewed, show that this treatment plan is predicted to double the number of patients who survive their disease for at least five years.

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Trial lead, Professor John Neoptolemos at the University of Liverpool's Institute of Translational Medicine, and Director of the Liverpool Clinical and Cancer Research UK Trials Unit, said, "When this combination becomes the new standard of care around the world, it will give many patients living with the disease valuable months and even years.”

Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK's chief clinician, said, "Pancreatic cancer is a notoriously difficult disease to treat. Nearly 10,000 patients are diagnosed each year in the UK so we urgently needs new ways to treat and manage the disease.

"Research that tells us more about how the disease grows and spreads -- and trials like this one -- will be key to improve survival for patients living with the disease."

Reference

John P Neoptolemos et al., Comparison of adjuvant gemcitabine and capecitabine with gemcitabine monotherapy in patients with resected pancreatic cancer (ESPAC-4): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial , The Lancet (2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32409-6 .
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreatic-cancer/treating.html

Source-Medindia