IMP2 Protein Might be Responsible for Gallbladder Tumor Growth

The IMP2 protein can be now used as a prognostic marker to predict the growth/outcome of the gallbladder cancer

Highlights

Gallbladder cancer patients often don’t present few or no symptoms for a long time and remain undiagnosed until the very last stage
A protein called IMP2 has found to be linked to the tumour growth
The IMP2 protein can act as a prognostic marker for the gallbladder cancer
These markers when present in the blood or tissue samples can help predict the outcome of the malignant cancer.//

The IMP2 protein can now act as prognostic marker for gallbladder cancer, these proteins have shown an association with tumour growth, found a new study published in Oncotarget journal.

Working in collaboration with pathologists at the University of Magdeburg, Sonja M. Kessler, a research pharmacist in the group led by Professor Alexandra K. Kiemer at Saarland University, has identified a new pathway that may allow improved prognosis and treatment of the disease.

Gallbladder Cancer - Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis
Gallbladder cancer is a cancer that starts in the walls of the gallbladder. It is a rare form of tumor.

‘These IMP proteins usually promote growth and development in the embryo but after the child is born, these proteins generally become deactivated, but sometimes these IMP2 proteins can get reactivated due to cancers and can assist in the growth of these tumors’

IMP proteins
Kessler has discovered a protein that is linked with tumour growth and that protein functions as a prognostic marker, thus providing an indication of how the cancer may progress.

The three proteins targeted by pharmacist Sonja M. Kessler in her research work are usually known to play an important role in embryos in the womb. These proteins help to ensure the rapid growth and development of the unborn child.

After birth, however, these proteins typically play no further role. ’All of these proteins are switched off after birth and they are no longer copied from the child’s genetic blueprint,’ explains licenced pharmacist Dr. Sonja M. Kessler, who is carrying out research at Saarland University in the group run by Professor Alexandra K. Kiemer for her Habilitation.

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However, it turns out that this family of proteins with the unremarkable names IMP1 to 3 can be switched on again. And if that happens, they can cause a lot of harm.

Of the three proteins, IMP2 is particularly hostile: ’Because IMP2 promotes cell division and proliferation, it also drives the growth of tumours,’ explains Kessler.

Gallbladder Cancer
Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) transformation of cells occur in the wall of the gallbladder. Women are at affected more than men.

Results
Research pharmacist Kessler has now succeeded in linking the protein group to gallbladder cancer. ’We were able to identify the proteins in a large number of tissue samples from gallbladder patients.

We were also able to show that the tumour grows faster when the cells contain larger amounts of the IMP2 protein. And in those cases patient prognosis is poorer,’ says Kessler.

Gall Bladder Cancer Rates Decline in Men, Late-Stage Diagnosis on the Rise
Gallbladder cancer rates have steadily decreased in men since 1973 but there has been an increase of the incidence of late-stage gallbladder cancer.

This result from a basic research programme may in future help to improve gallbladder treatment. ’Up until now there have been very few prognostic markers for this tumour,’ says Sonja Kessler.

Conclusion
Prognostic markers are substances in blood or tissue samples that indicate that a malignant cancer is likely to have a poor outcome for the patient.

Currently available treatment options can therefore be tailored more closely to the patient’s needs, which may help to improve clinical outcomes. IMP2 represents an important and potentially useful prognostic marker for gallbladder cancer.

The results of Kessler’s research may also provide the basis for new effective drug treatments. Once the participating protein has been identified, research can be undertaken to influence, slow or even completely prevent the harmful processes that are set in motion by the protein.

Reference

Sonja M. Kessler, Eva Lederer, Stephan Laggai, Nicole Golob-Schwarzl, Kevan Hosseini, Johannes Petzold, Caroline Schweiger, Robert Reihs, Marlen Keil, Jens Hoffmann, Christian Mayr, Tobias Kiesslich, Martin Pichler, Kyung Sik Kim, Hyungjin Rhee, Young Nyun Park, Sigurd Lax, Peter Obrist, Alexandra K. Kiemer and Johannes Haybaeck. IMP2/IGF2BP2 expression, but not IMP1 and IMP3, predicts poor outcome in patients and high tumor growth rate in xenograft models of gallbladder cancer, OncotargetDOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21116

Source-Eurekalert