This is the first attempt to more clearly define the cultural identity of human nutrition in both an academic and professional orientated perspective.
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‘In total, three domains of human nutrition - Basic Nutrition, Applied Nutrition, and Clinical Nutrition - were identified by researchers.’
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"Take obesity as an example, it is still frequently not recognized
as a disease state, the issue of undernutrition in elderly and obese
individuals is therefore largely overlooked," says Muscaritoli. 
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The scientists argue that the biological significance of food in the collective imagination has been lost in favor of its hedonistic aspects. People only look at nutrients as a number, but not as something with nutritional value. They do not consider the food matrix nor biological function.
Basic Nutrition is the discipline that deals with the scientific basis of human nutrition. This domain studies and characterizes the presence, bioavailability, mechanisms, and biochemical-physiological roles of nutrients and bioactive molecules.
Applied Nutrition, on the other hand, deals with the relationship between nutrition and the health and well-being of a population. This domain, for example, concentrates on improving the nutritional qualities of foods and envisions guidelines for healthy eating.
Lastly, the domain of Clinical Nutrition focuses on assessing, preventing, diagnosing, and treating malnutrition.
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With this set of criteria and guiding concepts, the scientists make a first attempt to improve the academic training in human nutrition.
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Source-Eurekalert