India's Battle Royale: Confronting the Triad of Lifestyle Diseases

Mounting challenge of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in India is compounded by the alarming rise in obesity.

Despite India's ongoing struggle against the surging prevalence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, the alarming increase in obesity cases has added to the concerns.

The obesity surge comes at a time when millions of Indians turn away from homemade traditional diets to fatty, cheesy, and oily processed foods and sugar-laden beverages.

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‘As India grapples with the rapid surge of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, the escalating rates of obesity have become a cause for alarm in the country. # Type 2 Diabetes, #Hypertension, #Obesity, #Lifestyle ’

The Silent Epidemic

Obesity is a major healthcare concern, even in middle-income and low-income countries, because of its association with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in India has doubled during the past two decades, leading to a notable increase in the burden of non-communicable diseases, according to a recent study published in The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

Although India has made tremendous progress in providing primary and preventive health care to its citizens, it has not recognized obesity as a major healthcare concern to be acted on argued the study titled “Obesity: another ongoing pandemic”.

Obesity was also touted as a modifiable risk factor of Covid-19 and the study emphasized that the goal of public health bodies should be to achieve a healthy weight at the population level that might reduce adverse outcomes for non-communicable and infectious diseases.

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Unmasking the Trifecta of Health Challenges

According to the data from the 2016-2021 National Family Health Survey (NFHS), about 20 percent of the Indian population is obese, including 5 percent morbidly obese (severely obese) population. A sharp increase in childhood obesity was also discovered.

According to estimates, India has 135 million obese people. Health experts blame the change in eating habits as one of the key factors contributing to India’s obesity pandemic. Youngsters’ diets in India have become more Westernized and more dependent on processed and fast foods.

These foods frequently include high levels of calories, sugar, and fat which can cause weight gain and obesity, say experts. According to Dr. Kishore B. Reddy, Managing Director, Amor Hospital in Hyderabad, modernization and urbanization of our societies have brought some undesired changes into our lives.

"We see more and more people today consume energy-rich and fat-rich foods, but there is a significant reduction in physical activities. This is leading to people adding weight, which has significant financial implications. Obese individuals and families tend to spend more not just on their healthcare, but also for certain simple needs like transportation," Dr Reddy noted.

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Tackling the Red Alert

Increased consumption of sugars, found in many ultra-processed foods, has been linked to overweight and obesity, which affects nearly 40 percent of the global population and millions of children.

"It is imperative to recognize the intricate relationship between sugar consumption and the development of diabetes. Sugar, once regarded as a simple pleasure, can disrupt the delicate balance of our body's glucose regulation, predisposing individuals to this chronic condition,” Dr. Manoj Vithlani, senior consultant physician and diabetologist, HCG Hospitals, Ahmedabad, told IANS.

Obesity among boys and girls in India is likely to see an annual rise of 9.1 percent by 2035 if prevention, treatment, and support do not improve, warned an alarming global report on the occasion of World Obesity Day in March this year.

The report, published by World Obesity Federation, showed that in 2020, boys had a 3 percent obesity risk, but by 2035, the risk will likely go up by 12 percent, and for girls, the risk was 2 percent in 2020, but in 2035, it will rise to 7 percent ().

Reference:

World Obesity Atlas 2023 - (https://www.worldobesity.org/resources/resource-library/world-obesity-atlas-2023)

Source-IANS