Infrared Light Beam to Detect Malaria

Harmless infrared light is used to detect malaria with the help of a computer algorithm processed by a smart phone.

Malaria is usually detected by a blood test, but scientists at the University of Queensland (UQ) have devised a fast, needle-free malaria detection tool that could help save hundreds of thousands of lives annually, as published in the journal PNAS Nexus.

The method uses a device that shines a beam of harmless infrared light on a person’s ear or fingers for five to ten seconds, to collect an infrared signature which is then processed by a computer algorithm.

Malaria - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment
Malaria is caused by a parasite that enters blood through the bite of an infected mosquito. It is characterized by fever, vomiting, shivering, sweating and other symptoms.

‘Harmless infrared light, when flashed on a person’s skin, may help detect malaria in a few seconds, thereby helping to control the spread of the disease.’

Using Light to Detect Malaria

International team leader, Dr. Maggy Lord from UQ’s School of Biological Sciences, said the technology would revolutionize how malaria is fought globally.

“Currently, it’s incredibly challenging to test large groups of people, such as the population of a village or town – you have to take blood from everyone and mix it with a reagent to get a result,” Dr. Lord said.

“But with this tool, we can find out very quickly whether a whole village or town is suffering from or carrying malaria.”

“The technique is chemical-free, needle-free, and detects malaria through the skin using infrared light – it’s literally just a flash on a person’s skin and it’s done.”

“The device is smartphone operated, so results are acquired in real-time.”

Malaria - Protection Strategies
Malaria is a dangerous disease with lethal consequences that requires protective measures for prevention and control of malaria in endemic regions of the world.

Challenges in Eliminating Malaria

The researchers believe that this technology is the first step to eliminating malaria.

“According to the World Health Organization malaria report, in 2020 there were an estimated 241 million cases worldwide, and more than 600,000 died from malaria,” Dr. Lord said.

“Most of the cases are in sub-Saharan Africa, where 90 percent of deaths are children under five years old.”

“The biggest challenge in eliminating the disease is the presence of asymptomatic people in a population who act as a reservoir for transmission by mosquitos.”

“The World Health Organization has proposed large-scale surveillance in endemic areas, and this non-invasive, affordable, and rapid tool offers a way to achieve that.”

New WHO Guidelines for Malaria Treatment in Pregnancy
Treating malaria in pregnancy could be challenging. Check out the new updated WHO guidelines for malaria treatment in the first trimester of pregnancy to save mother and child.

Non-invasive Detection

“We’ve successfully used this technology on mosquitoes to non-invasively detect infections such as malaria, Zika, and dengue,” Dr. Lord said.

“In our post-COVID world, it could be used to better tackle diseases as people move around the globe.”

“We hope the tool could be used at ports of entry to screen travelers, minimizing the re-introduction of diseases and reducing global outbreaks.”

“It’s still early days, but this proof-of-concept is exciting.”

Source-Eurekalert

Biomarkers of Latent Malaria Vivax Infections
Using a mouse model, scientists revealed the protein profile of small vesicles secreted by liver cells, where the latent form of the malarial parasite hides.