“My Smart Skin” Web Intervention Could Help Melanoma Patients Take Better Care Of Their Skin

After getting successfully treated for Melanoma, these patients still need to do certain skin self-exam and adopt certain skin protective measures to prevent recurrence, But since adherence to these precautions is very low, a Web-Based Behavioral Intervention has been designed to help patients.

Melanoma patients who have been treated successfully, need to do certain skin self-exams regularly to alert the physician in case of recurrence. This web-based behavioral intervention can help you do just that.

Researchers at Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and University of Virginia Center for Behavioral Health and Technology have found that a web-based intervention targeting sun protection behaviors and skin self-examinations in melanoma patients is effective in promoting short-term improvements in these activities. Findings from the work are being presented as part of an oral presentation at the Society of Behavioral Medicine Annual Meeting taking place this week in Washington, D.C.

Melanoma: Single Dose of PD-1 Inhibitor Before Surgery Predicts Outcomes
Melanoma patients to be treated with anti-PD-1 drugs before surgery, also showed that immune responses brought on by this therapy can peak as early as seven days after treatment - much earlier than previous studies have shown.

‘At the eight-week follow-up, the percentage of individuals who had conducted one to two skin self-examinations were significantly higher in the Web-based intervention group compared to the other group which did not use the intervention’

According to the National Cancer Institute, more than 1.2 million people in the United States have a personal history of melanoma – considered the deadliest of skin cancers – and are thus at an increased risk for disease recurrence and new skin cancers. Research has shown that a majority of these individuals do not sufficiently protect themselves from the sun or follow recommendations to conduct thorough skin self-exams that can facilitate early disease detection.

Results of several studies have shown promise with regard to improving patients’ engagement in skin self-examinations (Janda, 2014; Robinson 2007, 2014, 2016; Loescher et al., 2010), but there is a lack of intervention studies targeting sun protection behaviors in this at-risk population. Aiming to promote both sun-protective behaviors and skin self-exams among melanoma patients, Elliot J. Coups, Ph.D., a behavioral scientist in the Cancer Prevention and Control Program at Rutgers Cancer Institute, and colleagues developed an Internet intervention called mySmartSkin.

A sample of 384 individuals (40.9 percent response rate; median age 61.5 years) who were diagnosed and treated for stage 0 to 3 melanoma from three to 24 months previously were recruited to the study. Participants were randomized to receive their usual clinical care or to have access to the mySmartSkin intervention that promoted sun protective behaviors as well as skin self-examinations including the use of an online body mole map.

Smoking may Limit the Body�s Ability to Fight Melanoma
Melanoma patients with a history of smoking cigarettes are 40 per cent less likely to survive their skin cancer than people who have never smoked.

Self-reporting of sun protective measures (sunscreen, shade, protective clothing) and skin self-exams were assessed prior to the start of the intervention and eight weeks after.

There was a significant increase in engagement of sun protection behaviors for those who participated in mySmartSkin compared to the usual care (control) group over the eight-week period.

Metastatic Melanoma can be Treated by G-Modified Virus Injection
metastatic melanoma can be treated by genetically modified virus injection that induces the body's own immune cells to kill the cancer cells.

At the eight-week follow-up, the percentage of individuals who had conducted one to two skin self-examinations were significantly higher in the Web-based intervention group (47.5 percent) compared to the control group (23.9 percent).

Also, the percentage of participants who had conducted a thorough skin self-exam increased significantly in the mySmartSkin group from the start of the intervention (4.9 percent) to eight weeks (29.5 percent) compared to the control group (9.5 percent and 7.5 percent, respectively).

Melanoma Survival Varies Regionally
A state-by-state analysis to understand the geographic disparities for patients diagnosed with melanoma has been conducted.

“This project is somewhat unique in targeting both skin surveillance and sun protection behaviors among people diagnosed with melanoma. Results to date suggest the mySmartSkin intervention can help patients improve these important skin cancer-related behaviors,” notes Dr. Coups, who is also an associate professor of medicine at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.

“Our use of a web-based approach for delivering this intervention will facilitate future efforts to disseminate it to a broader group of melanoma patients and to potentially examine its impact on other groups at increased risk for melanoma, such as first-degree relatives of melanoma patients.” Coups notes that future study on this topic should focus on longer-term behavioral outcomes and examination of the intervention’s mechanisms and whether it is equally effective for different patient subgroups.

Along with Coups, the other authors on the work are Baichen Xu, MS, Rutgers Cancer Institute; Sharon L. Manne, Ph.D., Rutgers Cancer Institute and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Michelle Hilgart, MEd, Ph.D., and Lee M. Ritterband, Ph.D., both University of Virginia Center for Behavioral Health and Technology.

Source-Eurekalert