New Mathematical Model That can Predict Nicotine Emitted from E-Cigarettes

Higher voltage e-cigarette devices paired with high-concentration nicotine liquids could emit greater levels of the addictive substance.

E-cigarettes are battery-operated products designed to deliver nicotine. Scientists from Virginia Commonwealth University have now developed a model that can predict with up to 90% accuracy the amount of nicotine emitted by an e-cigarette. With this novel nicotine mathematical model, it will now be possible to predict with a great deal of accuracy how much nicotine will be delivered to an e-cigarette user before a device is even designed.

The researchers collected data from various e-cigarette devices, the concentration of the liquid nicotine that could be put in the devices and the length of time a user might inhale from the device in one puff. The research team then developed a mathematical model to determine how much nicotine was emitted from the devices as the device voltage and the nicotine liquid concentration were increased and the user puff duration was extended.

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The new developed model predicted that higher voltage e-cigarette devices paired with high-concentration nicotine liquids could emit greater levels of the addictive substance than those of a traditional tobacco cigarette, depending on user puff duration. The research team also observed that experienced e-cigarette users were more likely to take longer puffs than novice users, resulting in higher levels of nicotine being delivered to their bloodstream.

Research team member Thomas Eissenberg said, "The results showed that nicotine yields from 15 puffs on an e-cigarette varied by more than 50 times across various device, liquid and user behavior conditions. When used as intended, an electronic cigarette should not produce a nicotine yield in excess of that of a combustible cigarette, a device that we already know has lethal health effects."

The study was published in the Nicotine and Tobacco Research.

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