Supplementation with vitamin D3 or omega-3 fatty acids had no effect on kidney function in adults with type 2 diabetes, reports a new study.
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Most nutrient supplements such as vitamins and minerals and other diets do not protect from heart disease or mortality. Although most supplements or diets do not cause harm, health benefits are seen only from few diets.
Most nutrient supplements such as vitamins and minerals and other diets do not protect from heart disease or mortality. Although most supplements or diets do not cause harm, health benefits are seen only from few diets.
‘Vitamin D and fish oil don't prevent loss of kidney function in adults with type 2 diabetes’
The paper was published Friday, Nov. 8, 2019, in JAMA and presented concurrently at an American Society of Nephrology conference in Washington, D.C. "We were hopeful for both of these interventions, vitamin D and fish oil, but they don't appear to be particularly effective for this purpose," said Dr. Ian de Boer, the paper's lead author. He is a professor of medicine at the University of Washington School of Medicine and associate director of the Kidney Research Institute, a collaboration of UW Medicine and Northwest Kidney Centers.
Of the 28 million Americans who live with type 2 diabetes, de Boer said, about 40 percent develop chronic kidney disease, a condition in which the kidneys cannot adequately remove waste and fluid from the body. This disrupts a person's health in myriad ways and can progress to kidney failure. It also greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular events and death.
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Children with type-1 diabetes may benefit from taking vitamin B supplements as it improves the kidney function by protecting against renal disease development and progression.
Children with type-1 diabetes may benefit from taking vitamin B supplements as it improves the kidney function by protecting against renal disease development and progression.
"A lot of people use the supplements hoping there are beneficial kidney and cardiovascular effects," de Boer said. "We wanted this study to clarify whether these supplements have any real kidney benefit in adults with diabetes. Even if it's not the result, we hoped for, closing a chapter is useful for patients and clinicians and researchers alike."
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Nutrients from food are much better than taking supplements in lowering death risk and cancer. However, excess intake of certain supplements may be associated with increased death of cancer.
Nutrients from food are much better than taking supplements in lowering death risk and cancer. However, excess intake of certain supplements may be associated with increased death of cancer.
Participants submitted blood and urine samples to establish a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate - eGFR, a measure of the kidneys' waste-filtering performance - and the presence of protein in the urine. They were then randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups:
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Taking fish oil supplements during pregnancy is associated with an increase in lean and bone mass in children in the first six years of life, that may contribute to better growth and development.
Taking fish oil supplements during pregnancy is associated with an increase in lean and bone mass in children in the first six years of life, that may contribute to better growth and development.
- 370 people received supplements of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil)
- 333 received vitamin D and a fish oil placebo
- 289 received a vitamin D placebo and a capsule of fish oil
- 320 received two placebos
Blood and urine samples were collected at two years and again at four or five years after randomization. On average, kidney function declined by about 15% over the course of the study. The amount of decline did not vary significantly whether participants were assigned to vitamin D or placebo, or to omega-3 fatty acids or placebo. There were also no significant differences in urine protein excretion.
"The VITAL trial is evaluating the overall benefits and risks of these supplements, and the effects on kidney function are an important piece of the puzzle. The present study answers a key question that helps to advance public health," said Dr. JoAnn Manson, the study's senior author and director of the main VITAL trial. She is chief of preventive medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.
Source-Eurekalert
