To boost the intake of healthy food, parents should expose their children to a variety of healthy foods during the infancy and early childhood period.
Parents should constantly expose their infants and children to varied diets to promote healthy eating patterns, even if the children don’t like it. By doing so, parents will pave the way for their children to follow healthy eating behaviors in the later stages. Published in Obesity Reviews, the lead author is Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Pediatrics in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo. Anzman-Frasca is a researcher in the Department of Pediatrics' behavioral medicine division.
‘Exposing the children to varied food items at a earlier stage of their childhood, would familiarize them with healthy foods. This will pave the way to consume more healthy food in the later stage of their lives.’
"The goal was to review the literature in order to make recommendations to parents and caregivers on how they can best encourage children's healthy eating starting as early as possible," said Anzman-Frasca.Like mother, like baby The researchers based their recommendations on data gathered from more than 40 peer-reviewed studies on how infants and young children develop preferences for healthy foods, especially vegetables and fruits.
Healthy eating starts during pregnancy, the authors point out. "Flavors of Mom's diet reach the child in utero," said Anzman-Frasca, "so if she's eating a healthy diet, the fetus does get exposed to those flavors, getting the child used to them."
After birth, if the mother breastfeeds, the baby also benefits from exposure to flavors from her healthy diet through the breastmilk.
These early exposures familiarize the baby with specific flavors as well as the experience of variety and set the stage for later acceptance of healthy flavors in solid foods.
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However, the review pointed out, one study has found that in low-income homes, parents do not serve previously rejected foods because of the desire not to waste food. The authors call for interventions to promote repeated exposure to healthy foods in these environments, while addressing challenges parents face.
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- Varied foods during the prenatal period, early milk feeding and toddler stages, taking advantage of periods when neophobia, the rejection of novel things is lower.
- Strategies besides repeated exposure, such as rewarding the intake of healthy foods, might work in some situations, but there is some evidence that these strategies could also dilute the power of repeated exposure to healthy foods. Researchers suggest starting with simple approaches like repeated exposure or caregivers and siblings modeling the consumption and enjoyment of healthy foods reserving other strategies for cases where they are needed to motivate initial tasting.
- Larger-scale changes to make healthy choices easy choices in children's everyday environments can help caregivers to use recommended strategies to increase acceptance of healthier foods successfully. For example, making healthy side dishes and beverages the default accompaniments in kids' meals in restaurants can increase children's exposure to these items.
Source-Eurekalert