Tips to Control Nocturnal Polyuria / Behavioral and Lifestyle Modifications
- Limiting fluid intake 6 hours before sleeptime results in a decreased amount of urine produced at night.
- Reducing caffeine and alcohol intake
- Afternoon naps can help reduce fluid build up by allowing liquid to be absorbed in the bloodstream.
- Elevating your legs helps redistribute fluids so it can be reabsorbed into the blood stream.
- Compression stockings also create a similar effect as these elastic stockings exert pressure against the leg while decreasing pressure on the veins. Hence fluids are redistributed and reabsorbed into the bloodstream.Bladder/pelvic floor exercises
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Sacral neuromodulation can be achieved by inserting an implanatable device which stimulates the third sacral nerve. It reduces the degree of urgency and total number of voids. and has achieved one year success rates approaching 85% for controlling urgency, urge incontinence, and nocturia.If the patient is still not able to control the symptoms at night, other measures can be taken so as to ensure that at least difficulties due to the problem are minimized.
Management of Nocturnal Polyuria
Usage of mattress covers that are absorbing and made of waterproof vinyl material or sheet protectors will help by making cleanup easier.
Absorbent briefs that are a form of modified underwear designed to absorb liquid can be used to prevent leakage.
Skincare products such as soaps, lotions and cleansing cloths are available to protect the skin from irritation and soreness that can occur aue to frequent urination.
Pharmacologic Measures in the Treatment of Nocturnal Polyuria
Medicinal options exist that may be used alone or combined with some of the behavioral modifications has been proven to be more effective.
Anticholineric agents like Darifenacin, Oxybutynin, Tolterodine, Trospium Chloride and Solifenacin are first line drug therapy. They reduce the symptoms of an overactive bladder. If they are ineffective other options can be looked into.
Desmopressin mimics ADH and thus the kidney produces less urine.
Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant works by shortening the state of sleet where wetting occurs.
Loop diuretics like Furosemide and Bumetanide regulates urine production during daytime and prior to sleep respectively so waking during the nighttime does not occur.
Melatonin can restore a normal circadian rhythm of elimination of urine and improve sleep.
Surgery is an option if the cause of nocturia is related to the obstruction of the prostate or an overactive bladder.
Nocturnal polyuria can be a debilitating problem for those affected by it as it causes chronic sleep impairment. Proper management, treatment and encouragement are needed to help the patients lead a better quality of life.
Interesting Facts about Nocturnal Polyuria
- Nocturnal polyuria increases with age.
- It is equally present in men and women.
- There is higher prevalence in younger women than younger men and older men that older women.
- Studies show that urinating at least twice a night occurs in
- 5-15% of people who are 20�50 years old
- 20-30% of people who are 50�70 years old
- 10-50% of people 70+ years old
- Many communities have reported more than 50 percent of men and women over the age of 60 to have nocturia in many communities. Even more over the age of 80 are shown to experience symptoms of nocturia nightly.
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