A kidney stone is a solid mass made up of tiny crystals and may appear in any area of the urinary system.
Increase in salt concentration in the urine results in precipitation of crystals and these lead to formation of kidney stones. Drinking a lot of water can prevent kidney stones.
Kidney stones are diagnosed using radiological tests like plain x-ray KUB, CT scan, ultrasound and intravenous pyelography, blood tests and urine tests.
Higher body mass index (BMI), as well as low socioeconomic status can increase the risk for pediatric kidney stones.